Textile Dyes

Textile dyes are chemical substances used to color textiles. Based on their origin and application methods, textile dyes can be classified into various types, each with specific characteristics and uses. Here are some common types of textile dyes:

Direct Dyes:

1. Characteristics: Direct dyes can dissolve directly in water and dye fibers without the need for additives.

2. Uses: Primarily used for dyeing cotton, paper, leather, and nylon.

Acid Dyes:

1. Characteristics: Acid dyes work in acidic media and are known for their bright and transparent colors.

2. Uses: Commonly used for dyeing wool, silk, and nylon.

Basic Dyes (Cationic Dyes):

1. Characteristics: Basic dyes dye in alkaline media, offering bright colors, though they have poor light fastness and wash fastness.

2. Uses: Mainly used for dyeing acrylic fibers.

Vat Dyes:

1. Characteristics: Vat dyes dissolve through reduction and bind to fibers, then fix through oxidation, providing excellent colorfastness.

2. Uses: Primarily used for dyeing cotton, linen, and other cellulosic fibers.

Reactive Dyes:

1. Characteristics: Reactive dyes form covalent bonds with hydroxyl or amino groups in fibers, resulting in superior colorfastness.

2. Uses: Widely used for dyeing cotton, wool, silk, and nylon.

Disperse Dyes:

1. Characteristics: Disperse dyes are not water-soluble but can disperse within fibers, making them suitable for hydrophobic fibers.

2. Uses: Mainly used for dyeing polyester and other synthetic fibers.

Sulphur Dyes:

1. Characteristics: Sulfur dyes reduce and dissolve under alkaline conditions, dye the fibers, and then oxidize to fix the color, offering good colorfastness.

2. Uses: Commonly used for dyeing cotton and other cellulose fibers.

Pigment Dyeing:

1. Characteristics: Pigment dyeing involves mechanically attaching insoluble pigments to the surface of fibers, requiring binders.

2. Uses: Suitable for various fibers, but colorfastness depends on the quality of the binder.